Hydrocortisone
Hydrocortisone is used to treat skin inflammation, itching, and rashes. It is available as Cortisone-10, Cortizone and is commonly prescribed in the dermatology category.
About Hydrocortisone
Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid (glucocorticoid) — low-potency topical / systemic also sold under brand names including Cortisone-10 and Cortizone. It is primarily used to is prescribed to treat: • Skin inflammation, itching, and rashes • Various related conditions in the dermatology category • Associated symptoms and complications It is an important medication that helps manage these conditions effectively. Hydrocortisone is available in topical cream (0.5%, 1%, 2.5%), topical ointment (0.5%, 1%, 2.5%), topical lotion (1%, 2%), rectal cream/suppository/foam (1%, 2.5%, 25 mg, 90 mg foam), oral tablet (5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg), and injectable suspension (hydrocortisone acetate) and sodium succinate (solu-cortef) for iv/im use form. Healthcare providers commonly prescribe Hydrocortisone for conditions including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Lupus Anticoagulant, and Vertigo.
Hydrocortisone at a Glance
- Brand names
- Cortisone-10, Cortizone
- Drug class
- Corticosteroid (Glucocorticoid) — Low-Potency Topical / Systemic
- Pregnancy category
- FDA Category Category C — Topical corticosteroids in pregnancy should be limited to the lowest effective potency over the smallest possible body surface area and shortest duration. Systemic corticosteroids carry small risks of cleft lip/palate when used in the first trimester. Use only when potential benefit justifies potential fetal risk.
- Available forms
- Topical cream (0.5%, 1%, 2.5%), Topical ointment (0.5%, 1%, 2.5%), Topical lotion (1%, 2%), Rectal cream/suppository/foam (1%, 2.5%, 25 mg, 90 mg foam), Oral tablet (5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg), Injectable suspension (hydrocortisone acetate) and sodium succinate (Solu-Cortef) for IV/IM use
- Therapeutic categories
- Dermatology, Corticosteroids, Anti-Inflammatory
- Conditions treated
- 3 related conditions on this site
What Hydrocortisone Is Used For
is prescribed to treat:
• Skin inflammation, itching, and rashes • Various related conditions in the dermatology category • Associated symptoms and complications
It is an important medication that helps manage these conditions effectively.
Dosage Quick Reference
These are general dosage guidelines for Hydrocortisone. Your doctor will determine the appropriate dose for your specific situation.
| Condition | Starting Dose | Maintenance Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Mild dermatitis, eczema, or insect bites (topical) | Apply thin layer 2–4 times daily | Continue 2 times daily until resolution; limit to 2 weeks for OTC strength |
| Pruritus ani / external hemorrhoidal symptoms (rectal) | Apply 2.5% cream/ointment 2–4 times daily | Limit to 7 days; reassess if no improvement |
| Ulcerative proctitis (rectal foam or enema) | 90 mg foam rectally 1–2 times daily for 2–3 weeks | Taper to every other day, then discontinue |
| Adrenal insufficiency replacement (oral) | 15–25 mg/day in divided doses (e.g., 10 mg AM, 5 mg afternoon, 5 mg evening) | Adjusted to clinical response; double or triple during illness ("stress dose") |
| Acute adrenal crisis (IV) | 100 mg IV bolus | 200 mg/24 hours by continuous infusion or 50 mg every 6 hours, then taper |
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
• Nausea or stomach upset • Headache • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Fatigue or tiredness • Mild rash or itching
Serious side effects (seek immediate medical attention):
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, hives, swelling, difficulty breathing) • Unusual bleeding or bruising • Severe stomach pain • Signs of liver problems (yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine) • Chest pain or irregular heartbeat • Severe dizziness or fainting • Signs of serious adverse effects
See also: Drug Interactions ↓
Drug Interactions
Topical hydrocortisone has minimal systemic absorption when used appropriately, but systemic and high-dose or long-duration topical use can produce clinically meaningful interactions.
- NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib): When combined with systemic corticosteroids, NSAIDs substantially increase the risk of GI ulceration and bleeding. Consider GI prophylaxis with a PPI for high-risk patients.
- Live vaccines: Patients on immunosuppressive doses of systemic corticosteroids (>= 20 mg/day prednisone equivalent for >= 14 days) should not receive live vaccines. Topical use does not preclude live vaccination.
- CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, ketoconazole, clarithromycin): Increase systemic corticosteroid exposure and may produce iatrogenic Cushing syndrome, particularly with inhaled or intranasal corticosteroids used long-term.
- Anticoagulants (warfarin): Corticosteroids can alter coagulation parameters in either direction. Monitor INR after initiation or significant dose changes.
- Antidiabetic agents (insulin, metformin, sulfonylureas): Systemic corticosteroids cause hyperglycemia; antidiabetic doses often require upward adjustment during therapy and downward adjustment during taper.
- Diuretics (loop and thiazide): Additive potassium loss may produce clinically significant hypokalemia. Monitor electrolytes.
See also: Questions to Ask Your Doctor ↓
Key Considerations
Known drug interactions
Hydrocortisone has documented interactions with other medications, supplements, and certain foods. Review the Drug Interactions section below and tell your healthcare provider about every medication you take, including over-the-counter products. Jump to section →
Multiple forms available
Hydrocortisone comes in more than one form (Topical cream (0.5%, 1%, 2.5%), Topical ointment (0.5%, 1%, 2.5%), Topical lotion (1%, 2%), Rectal cream/suppository/foam (1%, 2.5%, 25 mg, 90 mg foam), Oral tablet (5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg), Injectable suspension (hydrocortisone acetate) and sodium succinate (Solu-Cortef) for IV/IM use). The right form for you depends on your condition, ease of use, and your provider's recommendation.
Additional Information
What is ?
Hydrocortisone (generic name: Hydrocortisone) is a medication primarily used to treat skin inflammation, itching, and rashes. It is marketed under the brand name(s) Cortisone-10, Cortizone and belongs to the Dermatology category of medications.
How Does Hydrocortisone Work?
Hydrocortisone works through several mechanisms to provide therapeutic benefits:
- Acts on specific receptors or pathways in the body
- Modulates biological processes related to the treated condition
- Provides symptom relief and improves quality of life
- Helps manage the underlying condition effectively
- Works best when combined with appropriate lifestyle modifications
The medication is designed to target the specific pathways involved in skin inflammation, itching, and rashes, making it an effective treatment option.
Common Uses
Primary Indications
Hydrocortisone is commonly prescribed for:
- Skin inflammation, itching, and rashes: The main indication for this medication
- Related Conditions: Associated symptoms and complications
- Prevention: May help prevent progression of certain conditions
- Symptom Management: Reduces discomfort and improves daily function
Additional Uses
In some cases, Hydrocortisone may also be prescribed for:
- Off-label uses as determined by your healthcare provider
- Combination therapy with other medications
- Long-term management of chronic conditions
- Short-term treatment of acute symptoms
Dosage and Administration
Hydrocortisone dosing varies based on the specific condition being treated and individual patient factors.
Typical Dosing:
- Starting dose is typically determined by your healthcare provider
- May be adjusted based on response and tolerability
- Can be taken with or without food (follow specific instructions)
- Usually taken once or twice daily
Administration Tips:
- Take at the same time(s) each day for best results
- Swallow tablets/capsules whole unless instructed otherwise
- Don't skip doses
- Complete full course of treatment as prescribed
- Follow your doctor's specific instructions carefully
Important Safety Information
Who Should Not Take Hydrocortisone?
Do not take Hydrocortisone if you:
- Are allergic to Hydrocortisone or any ingredients
- Have certain medical conditions (discuss with your doctor)
- Are taking medications that interact with Hydrocortisone
- Have severe liver or kidney disease (without dose adjustment)
Drug Interactions
Inform your doctor about all medications you take, including:
- Prescription medications
- Over-the-counter drugs
- Vitamins and supplements
- Herbal products
Some medications may interact with Hydrocortisone, affecting its efficacy or increasing side effect risk.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Pregnancy:
- Discuss risks and benefits with your doctor if pregnant or planning pregnancy
- May require special monitoring or dose adjustments
- Some medications should be avoided during pregnancy
Breastfeeding:
- Consult your doctor about safety while breastfeeding
- May pass into breast milk
- Benefits and risks should be carefully considered
Monitoring and Follow-Up
While taking Hydrocortisone, your doctor may monitor:
- Effectiveness of treatment (symptom improvement)
- Side effects or adverse reactions
- Laboratory values if applicable
- Blood pressure, heart rate, or other vital signs as appropriate
- Overall response to therapy
Regular follow-up appointments are important to ensure the medication is working properly and to make any necessary adjustments.
Managing Side Effects
Most side effects are mild and improve with time. Here are strategies for common side effects:
Gastrointestinal Upset
- Take with food if allowed
- Stay well hydrated
- Eat smaller, more frequent meals
- Report persistent nausea or vomiting
Dizziness
- Rise slowly from sitting or lying positions
- Avoid sudden movements
- Stay hydrated
- Avoid alcohol
- Report severe or persistent dizziness
Fatigue
- Get adequate rest
- Maintain regular sleep schedule
- Exercise as tolerated
- Report excessive tiredness that interferes with daily activities
Lifestyle Considerations
To maximize the benefits of Hydrocortisone:
- Follow a healthy, balanced diet
- Exercise regularly as recommended by your doctor
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Avoid alcohol or limit consumption
- Don't smoke
- Manage stress through relaxation techniques
- Get adequate sleep
- Stay well hydrated
- Keep all follow-up appointments
- Take medication consistently as prescribed
When to Contact Your Doctor
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
- Signs of severe allergic reaction (difficulty breathing, severe rash, swelling)
- Chest pain or rapid heartbeat
- Severe dizziness or fainting
- Unusual bleeding or bruising
- Signs of liver problems (yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine, severe fatigue)
- Severe stomach pain
- Any symptoms that concern you
Contact your doctor for non-emergency issues:
- Mild to moderate side effects that persist
- Questions about your medication
- Concerns about effectiveness
- New medications prescribed by another doctor
- Scheduled surgery or dental procedures
- Planning pregnancy
Storage
Store Hydrocortisone at room temperature (68-77°F or 20-25°C) away from light, heat, and moisture. Keep in original container. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use past expiration date.
Important Reminders
- Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor
- Don't stop suddenly without medical advice
- Keep all follow-up appointments
- Report any unusual symptoms
- Don't share medication with others
- Store safely away from children
- Check expiration dates
- Ask your pharmacist if you have questions
Clinical Benefits
When used appropriately, Hydrocortisone provides several benefits:
- Effective management of skin inflammation, itching, and rashes
- Improvement in quality of life
- Reduction in symptoms
- Prevention of complications
- Generally well-tolerated when used as directed
- Backed by clinical research and extensive use
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions about a medical condition or medication.
Frequently Asked Questions
Questions to Ask Your Doctor About Hydrocortisone
Consider discussing these topics at your next appointment:
- How long should I use this hydrocortisone product before reassessing?
- Is my rash actually responsive to a steroid, or could it be fungal, infectious, or something else?
- If I have diabetes or high blood pressure, how will systemic hydrocortisone affect my management plan?
- When should I taper or stop the medication, and how should that taper be done?
- Are there steroid-sparing options for my chronic skin or inflammatory condition?
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. Your doctor can provide personalized recommendations based on your specific health condition and medical history.