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Hurricane Season Health Preparedness: Your Medical Emergency Checklist
Dr. Michael Zimmer

Dr. Michael A. Zimmer

Hurricane Season Health Preparedness: Your Medical Emergency Checklist

Medically reviewed by Michael A. Zimmer, MD, MACPBoard-Certified Internal Medicine, Medical Director
Post Summary

Hurricane season in Florida runs from June through November. Learn how to prepare your medications, medical records, and chronic condition management plan so you are ready for any storm.

Preparing for the Unexpected

Florida's hurricane season spans six months, from June 1 through November 30, and every resident of the Tampa Bay area should have a plan. While most people focus on boarding up windows and stocking bottled water, medical preparedness is equally important and often overlooked.

At Zimmer Medical Group, we have seen firsthand how storms can disrupt medication access, close pharmacies and medical offices, and cut off power to patients who depend on medical devices. A little advance planning can prevent a weather event from becoming a health emergency.

Your Medication Preparedness Plan

Build a 30-Day Medication Supply

Do not wait until a storm is imminent to refill your prescriptions. During hurricane season, maintain at least a 30-day supply of all prescription medications. Most insurance plans allow early refills during declared emergencies, and your healthcare provider can help you obtain extended prescriptions.

Create a Medication List

Keep a written or digital list of every medication you take, including:

  • Medication name (brand and generic)
  • Dosage and frequency
  • Prescribing doctor's name and phone number
  • Pharmacy name, address, and phone number

Store this list in a waterproof bag with your emergency supplies and share a copy with a trusted family member. If you are evacuated and cannot reach your regular pharmacy, any provider can use this list to help you obtain critical medications.

Store Medications Safely

  • Most medications should be stored between 68 and 77 degrees Fahrenheit. If you lose power and air conditioning, medications can degrade quickly in Florida's heat.
  • Insulin and certain injectable medications require refrigeration. Have a small cooler and ice packs ready to maintain proper temperature for at least 24 to 48 hours.
  • Keep medications in their original containers with labels intact for identification.

According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, medication-related issues are among the most common health problems during and after hurricanes.

Medical Records and Documentation

Assemble a Medical Information Packet

Create a portable medical file that includes:

  • A summary of your medical conditions and surgical history
  • Your current medication list
  • Copies of recent lab results
  • Insurance cards (front and back)
  • Advance directives and power of attorney documents if applicable
  • Contact information for all your doctors and specialists

Go Digital

Take photos of your insurance cards, medication bottles, and key medical documents. Store them in a secure cloud service you can access from any device. Many patient portals now offer downloadable health summaries that consolidate your information in one document.

Chronic Condition Management During Storms

Diabetes Management

  • Stock extra glucose testing supplies, including batteries for your glucometer.
  • Have glucose tablets or hard candy available for hypoglycemia.
  • Know the signs of both low and high blood sugar, as stress and disrupted routines can cause fluctuations.
  • If insulin loses refrigeration for more than 28 days or is exposed to temperatures above 86 degrees Fahrenheit, it may lose effectiveness.

Heart Conditions and Blood Pressure

  • Maintain your medication schedule even during disruptions. Set phone alarms if your routine is disrupted.
  • Avoid high-sodium emergency foods (canned goods, shelf-stable meals) as much as possible if you have high blood pressure.
  • Keep a portable blood pressure monitor in your emergency kit.

Respiratory Conditions

  • Have rescue inhalers fully charged and easily accessible.
  • If you use a nebulizer or CPAP machine, have a battery backup or portable power source.
  • Mold growth after flooding is a major respiratory trigger. Avoid re-entering flood-damaged buildings without proper respiratory protection.

Dialysis Patients

  • Contact your dialysis center before hurricane season to understand their emergency plan.
  • Know the locations of backup dialysis centers along your evacuation route.
  • The Medicare Emergency Dialysis Services can help locate temporary dialysis access during disasters.

Power-Dependent Medical Devices

If you rely on electrically powered medical equipment such as CPAP machines, oxygen concentrators, ventilators, or home infusion pumps:

  1. Register with your power company as a medically essential customer. This may prioritize your area for power restoration.
  2. Have a battery backup or portable generator tested and ready.
  3. Contact your equipment supplier about loaner battery packs or alternative devices.
  4. Know your nearest hospital and emergency shelter locations that can accommodate medical equipment.

Mental Health Preparedness

The psychological impact of hurricanes is significant and often underestimated. Anxiety before storms, stress during power outages, and grief after property damage are all normal responses. However, watch for signs of more serious distress:

  • Persistent inability to sleep
  • Overwhelming feelings of hopelessness
  • Increased alcohol or substance use
  • Withdrawal from family and friends
  • Difficulty performing daily tasks weeks after the event

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration operates a free disaster distress helpline at 1-800-985-5990.

Your Hurricane Health Checklist

  • [ ] 30-day supply of all prescription medications
  • [ ] Written medication list in waterproof storage
  • [ ] Cooler and ice packs for temperature-sensitive medications
  • [ ] First aid kit with bandages, antiseptic, and over-the-counter pain relievers
  • [ ] Medical information packet with insurance cards and records
  • [ ] Battery backup for power-dependent medical devices
  • [ ] Portable blood pressure monitor and glucometer (if applicable)
  • [ ] Contact numbers for all healthcare providers
  • [ ] Evacuation plan with medical facility locations along your route

Storm Week: Your Conditions, Your Medications, and the Days After

The generic checklist above covers everyone. What follows is the condition-by-condition detail I go through with my own patients each June, and the part of the plan people forget: the week after the storm.

Conditions that need their own plan

If you take insulin such as insulin glargine for diabetes, know the rules for unrefrigerated storage before the power goes out; the FDA's guidance on insulin storage in an emergency is the reference, and our article on refrigerated medications during a power outage translates it. Patients with COPD or asthma should have a written action plan and a rescue inhaler in the go-bag, since dust, mold, and generator exhaust all trigger flares. Anyone with heart failure needs a scale and a plan for what to do if weight climbs on shelter food. If you take warfarin for atrial fibrillation, note when your next blood test is due and where you could have it drawn if our office is closed.

Special needs shelters and the go-bag

Pinellas County runs special needs shelters for residents who depend on oxygen, electricity for medical equipment, or help with daily care, and registration happens before the season, not the night before landfall. Register with the county emergency management office if that describes you, and pack the medication list, a week of supplies, and chargers for every device. Our hurricane medicine cabinet guide lists the over-the-counter items worth having, and the CDC's hurricane preparedness page and Ready.gov cover the household side.

The week after

More injuries and illness happen after a storm than during it. Heat illness during cleanup without air conditioning is the most common; our heat exhaustion versus heat stroke guide describes the warning signs. Carbon monoxide from a generator run in a garage or near a window is a silent killer, so generators stay outdoors and far from openings. Cuts from debris need cleaning and a tetanus booster if yours is more than ten years old, as our tetanus booster article explains. Flood water carries bacteria; wounds exposed to it should be washed promptly and watched for spreading redness. Medications that got wet or hot may have lost potency, and the FDA's guidance on safe drug use after a natural disaster explains which to discard and which to keep.

Start Preparing Now

Do not wait until a storm is in the forecast. The beginning of hurricane season is the time to review your medical supplies, update your emergency contacts, and discuss contingency plans with your healthcare team.


Need help preparing your medical hurricane plan? Contact Zimmer Medical Group to schedule a visit. We can help ensure your medications, records, and care plans are storm-ready.

Frequently Asked Questions

Usually, yes. Florida law allows pharmacies to dispense early refills of most maintenance medications when a state of emergency has been declared for your county, and many insurers relax refill limits during named storms. Controlled substances have stricter rules. The safer plan is to keep a 30-day cushion all season so the storm-week refill is a convenience, not a necessity.
Unopened insulin kept at room temperature, away from heat and direct sun, stays usable for up to about 28 days for most products, which is the same window as an opened vial or pen. Above 86 degrees it degrades faster. Keep it in a cooler with ice packs, not touching the ice, and use your judgment on any insulin that has been hot: if it is cloudy when it should be clear, or your sugars run unexpectedly high, replace it.
For CPAP, a night or two without it is uncomfortable but not dangerous for most people; sleep on your side and avoid alcohol and sedatives. For oxygen, you need a backup: a battery, a generator run safely outdoors, or a special needs shelter, which Pinellas County provides for exactly this situation. Register before the season, and ask your supplier about portable tanks as a bridge.
No, if the tablets or capsules contacted flood water, which carries sewage and chemicals. Discard them and contact your pharmacy for a replacement. Pills that stayed dry inside a sealed container are fine. Medication exposed to prolonged heat may have lost potency; for most drugs that means less effect rather than harm, but replace insulin, and check with us about anything you rely on daily.