Generic Name: Losartan
Brand Names: Cozaar
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to treat high blood pressure, protect kidneys in diabetic patients, and reduce stroke risk. It works by preventing blood vessels from narrowing.
is prescribed to treat:
• High blood pressure (hypertension) • Diabetic nephropathy (kidney disease in type 2 diabetics with high blood pressure) • Reduce the risk of stroke in patients with high blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy • Heart failure (sometimes used as alternative to ACE inhibitors) • Chronic kidney disease
It helps protect organs from damage caused by high blood pressure.
Common side effects may include:
• Dizziness or lightheadedness • Upper respiratory infection symptoms • Back pain • Fatigue • Diarrhea • Stomach pain • Muscle cramps
Serious side effects (seek immediate medical attention):
• Signs of high potassium (irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness) • Signs of kidney problems (change in urine amount, swelling) • Severe dizziness or fainting • Signs of allergic reaction (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing) • Chest pain • Symptoms of low blood pressure (severe dizziness, fainting, blurred vision)
Losartan is a medication belonging to a class of drugs called angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). It was the first ARB approved for use and remains one of the most commonly prescribed medications for high blood pressure and kidney protection.
Losartan works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a powerful chemical in the body that causes blood vessels to constrict:
Unlike ACE inhibitors, losartan does not cause the buildup of bradykinin, which means it typically does not cause the persistent dry cough common with ACE inhibitors.
Losartan is prescribed for several conditions:
Losartan is typically taken once or twice daily:
For Hypertension:
For Diabetic Nephropathy:
Administration tips:
Do not take losartan if you:
Inform your doctor about all medications, especially:
⚠️ CRITICAL: Losartan can cause serious harm or death to an unborn baby if taken during the second or third trimester of pregnancy. If you become pregnant, stop taking losartan immediately and contact your doctor. Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception.
It is not known if losartan passes into breast milk. Discuss with your doctor whether to discontinue breastfeeding or the medication.
Your doctor will monitor:
Important: Blood tests are typically done:
Kidney Disease:
Liver Disease:
Elderly Patients:
Dehydration/Volume Depletion:
To maximize benefits of losartan:
Losartan is often combined with:
Advantages of Losartan over ACE Inhibitors:
Similarities:
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
Contact your doctor for routine issues:
Clinical studies demonstrate that losartan:
Store losartan at room temperature (77°F/25°C) with excursions permitted to 59-86°F (15-30°C). Protect from light and moisture. Keep in original container. Keep out of reach of children and pets.
Losartan is available as a generic medication, making it more affordable than some newer ARBs. It is covered by most insurance plans and available on many $4 generic lists.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions about a medical condition or medication.
This medication is commonly used to treat or manage the following conditions:
Atrial fibrillation, a common arrhythmia characterized by rapid, irregular heartbeats, increases risk of stroke and heart failure, often linked to age, hypertension, and heart disease.
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity, stemming from complex interactions between genetics, brain differences, and environmental factors, not poor parenting.
Hives (urticaria) are itchy, raised welts caused by histamine release, triggered by allergens, physical stimuli, medications, infections, stress, or sometimes, unknown factors.
Osteoarthritis, a common degenerative joint disease, causes pain, stiffness, and reduced motion due to cartilage breakdown from aging, genetics, obesity, injuries, or repetitive stress.
Portal hypertension, an elevated pressure in the portal vein due to blockage often from cirrhosis or other pre-hepatic causes, can lead to serious complications like bleeding and ascites.
Secondary pulmonary hypertension, unlike its primary form, arises from underlying conditions such as heart/lung disease, blood clots, or connective tissue disorders, increasing lung artery pressure.
A stroke, caused by interrupted brain blood supply from blockage (ischemic) or bleeding (hemorrhagic), is a medical emergency requiring prompt treatment to minimize brain damage.
Vertigo, a spinning sensation distinct from dizziness, often stems from inner ear or brain issues like BPPV or Meniere's, sometimes triggered by head trauma or medication.
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. Your doctor can provide personalized recommendations based on your specific health condition and medical history.
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