Generic Name: Acyclovir
Brand Names: Zovirax
Acyclovir is used to treat herpes infections, chickenpox, and shingles. It is available as Zovirax and is commonly prescribed in the antivirals category.
Drug Class
Nucleoside Analog Antiviral (Anti-Herpesvirus)
Pregnancy
Category B — Animal reproduction studies have not demonstrated fetal harm, and large pregnancy registries have not shown an increased rate of birth defects in humans. Acyclovir is generally considered acceptable during pregnancy when treatment of maternal herpes simplex or varicella infection is clinically warranted.
Available Forms
Oral tablet (400 mg, 800 mg), Oral capsule (200 mg), Oral suspension (200 mg/5 mL), Topical cream (5%), Topical ointment (5%), Buccal tablet (50 mg), IV injection (50 mg/mL solution; 500 mg, 1 g vials)
Acyclovir is prescribed to treat:
• Herpes infections, chickenpox, and shingles • Various related conditions in the antivirals category • Associated symptoms and complications
It is an important medication that helps manage these conditions effectively.
These are general dosage guidelines. Your doctor will determine the appropriate dose for your specific situation.
| Condition | Starting Dose | Maintenance Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Genital herpes — initial episode | 400 mg orally three times daily | Continue for 7–10 days |
| Genital herpes — recurrent episodes | 800 mg orally twice daily | Continue for 5 days; start at first prodrome |
| Genital herpes — chronic suppression | 400 mg orally twice daily | Reassess need annually |
| Herpes zoster (shingles) | 800 mg orally five times daily | Continue for 7–10 days; start within 72 hours of rash |
| Varicella (chickenpox) in immunocompetent | 20 mg/kg (max 800 mg) orally four times daily | Continue for 5 days |
| Severe HSV or VZV infection (IV) | 5–10 mg/kg IV every 8 hours | Adjust per renal function; typical course 7–14 days |
Common side effects may include:
• Nausea or stomach upset • Headache • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Fatigue or tiredness • Mild rash or itching
Serious side effects (seek immediate medical attention):
• Severe allergic reactions (rash, hives, swelling, difficulty breathing) • Unusual bleeding or bruising • Severe stomach pain • Signs of liver problems (yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine) • Chest pain or irregular heartbeat • Severe dizziness or fainting • Signs of serious adverse effects
Acyclovir is renally cleared by both glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion, and most clinically relevant interactions involve other nephrotoxic or renally cleared medications.
Acyclovir (generic name: Acyclovir) is a medication primarily used to treat herpes infections, chickenpox, and shingles. It is marketed under the brand name(s) Zovirax and belongs to the Antivirals category of medications.
Acyclovir works through several mechanisms to provide therapeutic benefits:
The medication is designed to target the specific pathways involved in herpes infections, chickenpox, and shingles, making it an effective treatment option.
Acyclovir is commonly prescribed for:
In some cases, Acyclovir may also be prescribed for:
Acyclovir dosing varies based on the specific condition being treated and individual patient factors.
Typical Dosing:
Administration Tips:
Do not take Acyclovir if you:
Inform your doctor about all medications you take, including:
Some medications may interact with Acyclovir, affecting its efficacy or increasing side effect risk.
Pregnancy:
Breastfeeding:
While taking Acyclovir, your doctor may monitor:
Regular follow-up appointments are important to ensure the medication is working properly and to make any necessary adjustments.
Most side effects are mild and improve with time. Here are strategies for common side effects:
To maximize the benefits of Acyclovir:
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
Contact your doctor for non-emergency issues:
Store Acyclovir at room temperature (68-77°F or 20-25°C) away from light, heat, and moisture. Keep in original container. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use past expiration date.
When used appropriately, Acyclovir provides several benefits:
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions about a medical condition or medication.
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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication. Your doctor can provide personalized recommendations based on your specific health condition and medical history.
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